甲亢患者要正确地选择治疗方法及其优缺点

    Hyperthyroid patients need to correctly choose the treatment method and its advantages and disadvantages

    Hyperthyroidism can correctly choice method of treatment is important for prognosis of the disease. However, regardless of the treatment methods, each has its limitations. Selection of treatment methods should be based on the disease situation and determine, not the method is simple and quick. The first patient to establish the confidence to overcome the disease, closely match with doctors, good at controlling their emotions, stable; doctors according to patient age, severity of disease, thyroid nodules, and the severity of liver and kidney and other important organs without comorbidity, patients can adhere to medication, agree that the operation and hospital equipment and technical conditions and many other factors are considered and determine a treatment plan, to grasp the indications and contraindications of treatment method. Traditional Chinese medicine, surgery, Department of internal medicine, isotope therapy can achieve the purpose of therapy. Antithyroid drug ( ATD ) treatment on the immune function improvement has certain effect, it is operation and radioactive iodine 131 radionuclide therapy based therapy, there is still an important means of treatment.

    Generally speaking, initial treatment in patients with drug therapy mainly; relapse patients, regardless of is the drug of first treatment failure or relapse after radioactive iodine treatment, can be used. The drug of first treatment failure patients treated by operation. Following the presentation of the 4 treatment methods: 1, oral administration of antithyroid drugs: can inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis, usually with sympathetic inhibitors and tranquilizer to auxiliary control palpitations, trembling, anxiety symptoms. It must be taken for a long time, generally about a year and a half to two years may gradually reduce dosage until withdrawal. However, approximately one half to 1/3 of the patients will relapse after discontinuation of the drug, especially those of goiter or dietary iodine uptake significantly more patients ( as usual to eat kelp, iodized salt ). In addition, some patients on medication for two or three months before, occur itchy skin, rash or neutropenia ( prone to have a fever, sore throat ), abnormal liver function and other adverse drug reaction. If this phenomenon should be timely medical treatment, adjusting treatment.

    Treatment of hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drug propylthiouracil, methimazole: can cause leukopenia, generally occurs in the first few months after medication, such as timely withdrawal, in 1~2 weeks recovery, so during the dosing period to periodically check the blood. Treatment of hyperthyroidism and antithyroid drug therapy in the most serious side effect is neutropenia, agranulocytosis, due to granulocytic small systemic resistance decreased significantly, resulting in severe systemic infection, the threat to life great. Therefore, during the dosing period should pay attention to whether the occurrence of agranulocytosis, if found in time, the chance of cure is more. Agranulocytosis occurred in L of medication for a period of 3 months, but may also be seen after administration of any time. Therefore, use L during March should be particularly vigilant.

    Agranulocytosis in two ways, one is sudden, generally can not prevent. The other is a gradually occurred, the first general neutropenia, if continue to use, can be transformed into agranulocytosis. After the onset of a way, can be in use during the regular examination of white blood cells to prevent. In use during the week, you can check the white blood cell 1 times, if white cell counts less than 3×109/ L, generally need to stop drug observed, if the white cell count in 3-4 ×109/, every 1-3 days to check 1, and rising leukocyte drugs such as Leucogen, turtle liver alcohol, necessary with hormone therapy, the most good for another kind of antithyroid drug, after these measures, leukocyte continues to decline, will be deactivated antithyroid drug, to switch to the other methods in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

    Agranulocytosis occurs, discontinue use of antithyroid drug, and sent to the hospital for emergency treatment. Because the resistance is very weak, should be in the aseptic isolation ward rescue, given a lot of corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy. After cure patients cannot reoccupy antithyroid drug therapy of hyperthyroidism. 2, radioactive iodine 131 therapy : principles of radioactive iodine in thyroid will gather to destroy the organization, enabling the production of thyroid hormone function. Usually the patient only needs to take time, if the effect of poor, can be six months or a year later an additional.

    After treatment of thyroid volume will reduce gradually, even some patients due to excessive thyroid damage caused Hypothyroidism Thyroid hormone, but must be taken for life. In the near term pregnant women and women who plan to become pregnant, or a combination of eye disease patients, should not use this method in treatment of. Radioactive iodine 131 scintigraphy in patients with easily lead to hypothyroidism / A, mainly refers to the permanent hypothyroidism / a 3, operation: method is to reduce the partial resection of thyroid hormone secretion, but the drawback is that if resection is too little, easy to relapse; if resection is too much, but also easily lead to hypothyroidism.

    In addition, if inadvertently hurt operation control vocal nerve or parathyroid glands, is easy to cause or hoarseness hypocalcemia ( numbness of limbs or cramps ), the latter must lifetime supplementation of vitamin D and calcium. Although experienced surgeons rarely encountered these complications, but preoperative patient still respond to operation risk has full knowledge and understanding. 4, traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and other thyroid diseases, each have an advantage, adopt the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine comprehensive treatment measures, in recent years has become one of the important issues in clinical research, from the large number of Chinese and Western medicine treatment measures can be seen, combine traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of thyroid disease total trend, dialectical treatment of Chinese medicine to promote thyroid function recovery. Not only for the majority of patients accepted, but many cases confirmed, the curative effect is obviously superior to the pure western medicine treatment. Not only improves the clinical curative effect, and is convenient for patients. Pure Chinese medicine treatment of the disease is comparatively good, administer thoroughly, the traditional Chinese medicine therapy, therapeutic effect is stable, ideal and without any side effects, rare recurrence after cure.