甲状腺功能亢进症概述

    Hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism abbreviation, is due to thyroid hormone excess caused by a group of endocrine diseases. Hyperthyroidism in the blood can be detected as a long-acting thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin and grace, it is not subject to pituitary control of slow and long-lasting, directly promotes the synthesis and release of thyroid hormone, and pathogenesis. ( 1) the clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism is more common in women aged 20-40, mostly slow onset, the typical performance are as follows: 1 ) thyroid hormone excess syndromes of nervous system manifestations: Neuroticism, easy excited, say more apprehensive, more impetuous, hands out the appearance of tremor;②metabolite recognition performance : the fear of increased heat sweating, the skin warm and humid, hyperthyroidism appetite and weight loss; the cardiovascular system: palpitations, shortness of breath, heart rate more than 100 times / min, the first heart sound hyperfunction, pulse pressure difference increasing, arrhythmia, heart enlargement induced heart failure;④digestive manifestations: hyperthyroidism appetite, stool thinning and increased the number of. In addition to the occurrence of malnutrition, hypotonia, menstrual disorders, male impotence, millet liquid edema. 2) goiter diffuse thyroid enlargement, which can be heard on vascular murmur and feel the tremor. 3) eye eye cleft broadening one's eyes brimming with radiating vigour when eyes, eyes closed eyelid vibration, when the last of my eyes look bad if the polymerization; afraid of light, tears, diplopia, intraocular foreign body sensation called malignant exophthalmos. 4)杭州看甲状腺哪个医院好 thyroid crisis occurrence high fever, irritability, sweating profusely, heart rate are often more than 140 beats / min, often diarrhea, vomiting, white blood cell and neutrophil increase, arrhythmia or heart failure, acute pulmonary edema. 5) auxiliary examination of basal metabolic rate is higher than 15%; iodine 131 uptake rate than normal; T3, T4 increased. ( 2) treatment of hyperthyroid patients should first be reduced mental tension and avoid all kinds of stimulation, to ensure adequate rest, when necessary the use of sedatives such as diazepam (Valium ), barbiturates; give high calorie, high protein and high vitamin diet; heartbeat tachycardia by propranolol ( propranolol ) and other drugs. At the same time also should be given to the following: 1) the treatment of antithyroid drugs commonly used tapazole orally, take 10 mg, when reduced to 2.5-5 mg, in order to maintain not less than 1 years, the total duration of treatment need 1.5-2 years. Other drugs used during the period of 2-4 weeks, should be reviewed once leukocyte count and classification of white blood cell count, if less than 3 × 109/L or neutrophils is less than 1.5 × 109/L should be considered when the temporary withdrawal, dressing to consider or combined with prednisone treatment. 2) radioactive iodine 131 therapy for age greater than 35 years, is the use of antithyroid drug therapy, inappropriate or relapse after operation. 3) thyroid major resection applied to various non operation treatment is ineffective in patients. 4) in the treatment of thyroid crisis rapid control of hyperthyroidism, selection of compound iodine solution first oral dose of 50-60 drops, after every 4-6 hours 30-45 drops; or sodium iodide ( k ) 0.5-1.0 g dissolved in 500 ml of liquid intravenous infusion every 8 hours, 1, relief of symptoms after discontinuation of the gradual reduction in dosage of him; Baba said, the first dose of 60 mg, 3 times a day orally, symptom relief logistics department is changed into general usage, also can choose other antithyroid drugs;③propranolol ( propranolol ) 40 mg, every 4-6 hour 1; the rapid physical and drug cooling, can choose the hibernation therapy;⑤hydrocortisone 300-500 mg daily intravenous infusion; the use of anti infective drugs; the correct water, electrolyte disturbance, oxygen inhalation,杭州看甲状腺哪个医院最好 supplementation with large doses of vitamin B, correction of heart insufficiency. TCM ( traditional Chinese medicine thyrotoxicosis hyperthyroidism ) this disease should be attributed to " gall " category, its causes is first of all the patients in ferrite of yin deficiency, kidney-yin deficiency, water does not contain wood, loss and liver yin. On this basis, complex was emotional disorders, trauma. " Further from the source • gall. " said: " gall, worry, born by gas ". Description of Chinese early to recognize the emotional and mental factors on the occurrence of the effect of hyperthyroidism. Emotional depression, liver failure, qi depression transforming into fire, if the original Constitution on liver and kidney yin deficiency, is easier to refine the liquid into the sputum, stasis on main and collateral channels, under which gall. Chinese medicine believe that, because of the seven fail, liver-qi stagnation, qi depression transforming into fire, upside on the head, so the hyperthyroid patients irritability, red, red eye, mouth, throat, be dizzy; liver depression transforming into fire, burnable stomach yin, stomach fire flaming, therefore eliminating grain gluttony; temper weak, operation right, then emaciated weakness; liver depression effect of Qi, red veins, the abnormal menstruation, the less, amenorrhea; kidney yin deficiency, hyperactivity of ministerial fire, then man spermatorrhea, impotence; kidney yin deficiency, water does not contain wood, then the hyperactivity of liver Yang, hand tremor of tongue; heart and kidney deficiency, the palpitation, insomnia and dreaminess, palpitation, sweating; Yin heat, I am afraid of hot, red tongue, pulse counting. Patients with Yin deficiency in ferrite, qi stagnation, is easy to fire, burnable Yin blood. In conclusion, patients with qi depression transforming into fire, mixing liquid for phlegm, phlegm qi4 cross resistance to anterior cervical, is sent to gall swelling; phlegm qi4 condensed into the eyes, then the exophthalmos. Ferrite, refers to the inherent when young, or because of some causes of constitution. Such as a congenital defect, or ( acquired ) who was seriously ill, failed to timely adjust, resulting in organs were subject to change as a function of defect, thus forming a kind of long-term physical, Chinese medicine called " ferrite ". Ferrite performance, can be divided into yin deficiency, Yang deficiency type physical constitution, qi asthenia constitution. Graves' disease in the neck, clinically presenting neck swelling, heat dissipation, palpitations, sweating on grain gluttony, quick-tempered, a tremulous tongue, body weight loss and other symptoms, is a multiple organs affected, sickly machine complicated pathology process, Chinese medicine treatment by liver qi, clearing liver and purging fire, phlegm spleen, nourishing Yin, nourishing the liver and kidney, tranquilizing mind, eliminating phlegm Sanjie, activating blood circulation, expelling toxin and other methods, multiple links, thereby adjusting the inner environment of human body disorders in pathological states. A comprehensive domestic relevant data, combined with modern technology summarizes the Chinese medicine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism mechanism for: (1) adjust the immune function. 杭州看甲状腺哪家医院好 ( 2) Regulation of neural and humoral system functional activities. ( 3) inhibition of energy metabolism. ( 4) inhibition of secretion of thyroid hormone. Thyroid disease of TCM etiology and pathogenesis of thyroid disease due to stagnation of the liver-qi and fire V, so excited about, or emotions and internal injuries, liver qi stagnation caused by. Its pathogenesis and, pregnancy, produce, milk and deconditioning and physical factors such as relationship between yin and Yang, perverse, stagnation of phlegm, backwater node neck waste all the previous efforts basic lesions, if the protracted course of time, causing blood stasis phlegm, blood stasis by gas, and for patients with three. The disease early Dorset, sick for a long time is by turning, inclusion or strength. 1, phlegm heat interties, Qi and blood stagnation because of liver Qi long fire retarding, burning liquid into phlegm, phlegm heat interties, choking the coke, gas machine break free, no blood, long time of phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, coagulation on the neck, as gall swelling. 2, spleen deficiency and dampness phlegm coagulation due to stop, patients usually kidney yang deficiency, phlegm wet body, Yang just inside the cold, wet evil remain in the body, not to the temperature of the cold water wet phlegm, each node, condensation does not come loose, gathered in the neck, a gall swelling. Chinese medicine treatment according to the many years of clinical experience, as well as on thyroid disease deeper research, mastery of specific thyroid disease induced by etiology and pathology. Graves' disease induced and mental factor is most closely relationship, emotional discomfort, hepatic stagnation, liver stagnation and spleen deficiency, or liver fire retarding can be condensed into the disease. Condensation on the eye eye protrusion; anger Wangshengze disposition is impatient, irritability; fire fill Shangyin gas consumption; spleen stomach adversity is excessive; deficiency of heart Yin is afraid of heat, palpitations; and kidney yin, later period kidney yin deficiency symptoms. Experts after more than 20 years of painstaking research, summary of tens of thousands of cases of successful experience, developed by more than 30 kinds of rare pure Chinese medicine treatment for hyperthyroidism in prescription, not only has the Qi Sanjie, Fuzheng Huatan Ruanjian, astringing Yin, regulating body immunity function principle to give treatment. But don't conquer hyperthyroidism, thyroid cyst operation, adenoma, nodules, thyroid disease, successfully resolved the thyrotoxicosis induced by thick neck, exophthalmos and other problems, and in clinical application, achieved detumescence, tranquilizing mind. Significantly reduce the metabolic basis for the good effect. Graves' disease induced autoimmune, genetic and environmental factors are closely related, with autoimmune factors are the most important. Unfortunately, thyroid autoimmune occurrence, development so far is not clear, it is difficult to find preventive methods. Genetic factors are also important, but genetic background and genetic methods have not been elucidated, it is also very difficult from genetic aspects of prevention. Environmental factors include the incidence of hyperthyroidism induced by various factors, such as trauma, mental stimulation, infection, although many hyperthyroidism induced mainly associated with autoimmunity, genetic factors, but not the pathogenesis and environmental factors have close relationship. Such as the predisposing factors regarding the pathogenesis, and avoidance of precipitating factors do not get sick. Thus, part of hyperthyroidism patients the incidence of may in the avoidance of precipitating factors under the conditions of prevention. In the process of patients with hyperthyroidism treatment, diet is especially important. Because patients with hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism due to metabolism, nutrient demand increases obviously, if a nutritional supplement insufficiency, weight loss will become more apparent, appear even similar symptoms of advanced cancer, therefore, eating properly is very important. Diet should focus on the following aspects of attention: the daily consumption of calories, males at least 2400000 cards, women with at least 2000000 card. Eat more high protein food, young patients need to eat fatty foods, eat vitamin-rich fruits, vegetables, eat less 杭州看甲状腺哪家医院最好spicy food, such as pepper, onion, ginger, garlic and other. Eating iodine-containing much food, such as kelp, shrimp, fish and so on. Try not to smoke, drink tea, do not bring wine, coffee, with special attention to psychological and spiritual life level of self-regulation, to maintain ease of mind, spiritual pleasure, emotional stability, to avoid the wind cold, overwork, height have a fever.