什么是毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿

    
    Toxic diffuse goiter: diffuse 杭州哪家医院看甲状腺比较好 toxic goiter, also called exophthalmic goiter, Guerra Weiss Graves or pasak Du Basedow disease, hyperthyroidism is the most common type of about 90%, all patients with hyperthyroidism. Toxic diffuse goiter causes and other types of hyperthyroidism is completely different, is an organ specific autoimmune diseases, it is due to immune dysfunction that autoimmunity induced by. Immune dysfunction can produce a variety of cytokines and thyroid autoantibodies, of which the most important is to have excited role for thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin that thyroid stimulating antibody. It can stimulate the cause of goiter, thyroid stimulating secretion produced a large amount of thyroid hormone, appeared a series of the signs and symptoms of thyrotoxicosis. Immune dysfunction may also exophthalmos. The main symptoms of this disease are: nervous, afraid of hot, sweaty, appetite hyperfunction, the increase in stool frequency, weight loss, emotional. The vast majority of patients with thyroid enlargement, as bilateral diffuse enlargement, soft texture, smooth surface, without nodules (with a few exceptions ). Only a minority of patients without goiter. Palpation of the thyroid may have slight tremor, vascular murmur. There are about 40 ~ 50% of the patients with protrusion of the eyeballs ( mostly bilateral ). Serum T3, T4 levels; serum thyrotropin reduces; thyroid iodine 131 rate; serum thyroid stimulating antibody positive. Nodular goiter in general there are two types : one is the normal thyroid function, no thyrotoxic manifestations; another is not normal thyroid function, occurrence of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is often in multinodular goiter occurring after the onset of the. Occurrence of hyperthyroidism multinodular goiter called toxic multinodular goiter. Care should be taken to avoid the use of toxic nodular goiter is a term, because it includes toxic multinodular goiter, toxic thyroid adenoma two. This kind of hyperthyroidism in elderly people, also in females. Hyperthyroidism symptoms generally lighter, some patients only part of thyrotoxic symptoms, and other symptoms of lack or not obvious, such as the only manifestations of cardiac arrhythmia or heart failure; only display the weight, weight decreased significantly; only the performance of the whole body muscle weakness, to limb muscle weakness is more obvious; only display the psychomotor agitation, depression etc..杭州哪家医院看甲状腺多发结节好 Check the body can be found in thyroid enlargement, as both sides symmetrical enlargement, and can reach a number of nodules, nodule size is dissimilar, generally no nystagmus and vascular murmur. Exophthalmos do not generally occur. Serum T3, T4 levels, of which a considerable part of the patient can only increase of serum T3 levels, and increased serum T4 level. Thyroid scan revealed multiple hot nodules, some patients have both hot nodules have a cold nodule. Toxic multinodular goiter: toxic multinodular goiter, also called nodular hyperthyroidism, Plummer disease, is a multinodular goiter based on the incidence of hyperthyroidism, usually occur in the original have been years of multinodular goiter patients. The general appearance of thyrotoxic symptoms at 40 years of age or older, more toxic diffuse goiter in age of onset for female incidence was higher than the male. The disease most slow onset, illness are also lighter, and the symptoms of apparent early, easy to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis, the need to go to the hospital examination to diagnosis system. Thyroid adenoma in general there are two types : one is hyperthyroidism, thyroid scan revealed the tumor as a hot nodule ( radioisotope distribution concentration ), this condition is called toxic thyroid adenoma; another kind of circumstance is not caused by hyperthyroidism, thyroid scan revealed the adenoma is a warm nodule ( radioisotope distribution and normal thyroid histological similarity ) or cold nodule ( radioisotope distribution below the normal thyroid tissue ), this situation is called toxic thyroid adenoma, just a simple adenoma of thyroid. Toxic thyroid adenoma is due to the tumor enhancement, produce large amounts of thyroid hormones, thus a manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Toxic thyroid adenoma in women, in 30 ~ 40 years old. Adenomas are usually single, a few more than 1. Patients with hyperthyroidism symptoms, physical examination can often be detected thyroid nodules, usually large, often up to several 杭州哪家医院看甲状腺病最好 centimeters in size. Determination of serum T3, T4 levels were increased, T3 was higher obviously. The thyroid scanning confirmed sarcoidosis as a hot nodule, but the surrounding thyroid tissue radioisotope distributions are often absent or reduced.